Is speaker ohm important? Here’s what you need to know about speaker impedance:
Ohms are both speakers and Receiver Manufacturers provide ideas about performance. Speakers and amplifiers are usually rated at around 8 ohms, but that’s not necessarily the case. For example, if the receiver is rated 6, does that mean you can’t connect an 8 ohm speaker? What is an ohm about that?
Impedance is technically important, but it’s not dry enough to say, “Speakers with X-impedance should only be connected to receivers with Y-impedance.” In fact, unless you buy some unusual or really weird speakers, the majority of them can work well with modern receivers. The technical answer to “Ohms are units of electrical resistance” is not particularly useful to people who are not currently in high school science, so I try to explain everything as much as possible.
What is an ohm?
I’m not going to judge anyone’s setup, but it’s usually best to have a chair facing the speaker.
Ohms are the unit of electrical resistance. I’m kidding. Well, that’s true, but this is the most relevant way to amplifying sound. The speaker has at least one driver, usually multiple drivers. These screwdrivers are magnets that are usually mounted on moving materials. Sound is produced when the above materials move or vibrate with air. The electric field that causes this movement is created by the amplifier. The difficulty of a driver or driver is moving is part of what makes up the impedance of a speaker and is rated by ohms.
The majority of speakers on the market today can find several ratings of 4 ohms. Speakers below 4 ohms or above 8 ohms are rare and are usually reserved for high-end.
Why it’s not important (almost)
Impedance evaluation is essentially useless. No speakers have the same impedance at all frequencies. If rated as “8 ohms”, it could be 1K, 500Hz, 20K, or literally any frequency. There is no regulation that says it should be evaluated at a specific frequency. The manufacturer says “8 ohms.” Because that’s what people expect. Is it an average over a range of frequencies? Depending on the speaker design, the impedance at any frequency can vary between 2-8 ohms or around 40 ohms! This rating is almost always average.
This “nominal” range is also designed to power most receivers or amplifiers. This is why most people list power ratings at 8 ohms (i.e. “100 watts at 8 ohms”), but most don’t have any issues if the speaker is lower than that. If you are trying to run a 4 ohm speaker from an 8 ohm receiver, the most likely result is that it runs a bit hot. You need to work a little harder to supply the power you need to make your speakers.
Do cheap amplifiers have problems powering the speakers with very low impedance? yes. However, generally speaking, cheap speakers that are usually paired with cheap amplifiers are very easy to drive. Why pair a speaker that’s easy to drive with a cheap amplifier? At least for a product designed to be competently designed, the best case is simply to switch it off if the amplifier is driven too strongly. This is called “entering protection” and all you need to do is turn it on again, unless it’s a particularly bad design. The reason this pairing isn’t a good idea is because of its worst case scenario. Something in the chain can be blown away, causing horrible damage. A common rule of thumb for CNET is to spend the same thing on an amplifier with a pair of stereo speakers.
It is worth noting that many companies selling speakers with lower impedance often explicitly say “compatible with 4, 6, or 8 ohm rated amplifiers.” On the other side of the price spectrum, there are many Home Seater Inbox System (Remember them?) It was a very low impedance. These were designed with a specific amplifier in mind, and they came in the box, and pairing allowed companies to do a bit of creative marketing. As I will explain at the end, an amplifier rated at 100 watts for 2 ohms can actually only do 25 watts for 8 ohms. Which one looks better on the side of the box?
exception
Okay, I’m going to judge this. The center channel is too high and doesn’t even stretch diagonally. The rear speaker is on the front (absolute asp). Some of the thoughts of a wooden panel laser disc player seem to be a second center channel. There is a lot of weirdness here.
Because the majority of speakers are the majority, receivers and amplifiers all work the same way. Of course they will! Manufacturers usually want the widest audience possible, so they are not going to design a product that doesn’t work for most of it.
However, there are several speakers on the market, which simply requires significant amplification. These drive difficult speakers are usually low impedance, requiring a lot from the amplifier. A critical component of any amplifier, the power supply must provide sufficient power to the hungry speaker. Just like you’re trying to tow a trailer using speakers that are difficult to drive with a moped, you need a decent amplifier.
These are not the kind of speakers you’ll find on Best Buy. If you’re in a store that sells these high-end speakers, it’s possible that salespeople might talk about getting an amplifier to go with them.
Okay, a little math now
If the speaker has a low impedance, more current will be required at the same voltage. In other words, if you cut the number of ohms down by half, you need twice the amount of power you need. So, if an 8-ohm speaker requires 100 watts for a given volume, the 4-ohm speaker requires 200 watts to generate the same volume (Watts = amps x volts). Can a decent amp do that? of course. Can a cheap amp do that? perhaps. Interestingly, many high-end amp manufacturers actually boast of this. For example, you would rate the amplifier as “8 ohms for 200 watts, 4 ohms for 400 watts.” This shows that the amplifier components are physical enough to handle anything the speaker needs.
Should I care? Unless your speaker, or the speaker you are considering, is particularly difficult to drive and You’re trying to power them up with an amp that’s cheap or missing and You blow them up in bulk, and no. Most mainstream speakers can have almost all mainstream receivers and amplifiers. They are all designed to do just that.
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